Course Project Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Course Project - Case Study Example While attempting to recognize the reasons related with the accomplishment of the systems for Apple IPod, center must be given around various issues. The main explanation that should be featured is that the organization Apple gives a great deal of spotlight on presenting development in its items (Travlos, 2013). Besides, the organization wants to advance effortlessness in its item contributions. By having a profoundly shortsighted sort of a UI for the IPod, the organization had the option to make a good purpose of distinction for its music item (Bajarin, 2012). The third factor is that the IPod was propelled in the market alongside a packaged free help offering. The free assistance offering which is prominently known as iTunes, helped in an extraordinary path in upgrading the client experience for the item (LePage, 2006). The fourth factor that controlled accomplishment to the IPod is the one of a kind method of item showcasing and marking by Apple. Since promoting is tied in with cre ating enthusiasm for the psyches of the customers, the showcasing approach of Apple was increasingly centered around producing the buzz for the new item offering of the organization at the hour of dispatch. Likewise, the organization concentrated on situating the item as a style embellishment, in this manner setting off a further interest for the item (Weisbein, 2008). At long last, the last purpose behind achievement of the Apple IPod is the capacity of the organization to make an enraptured crowd. By planning the exceptionally elegant way of life natured music gadget as it were, that it will acknowledge just contributions from the company’s music site, helped in an extraordinary path in making an enraptured crowd, which consequently created a colossal measure of income for the organization (Schulhof, 2006, p. 2). Small scale Case 2: Failure The subsequent smaller than normal case centers around talking about the reasons prompting disappointment for a procedure of a specific organization. With the end goal of importance, the organization that has been chosen is Nokia, which is an all inclusive present portable assembling and showcasing organization. Speaking increasingly about the organization, it needs uncommon featuring that Nokia over the most recent few years, has lost its market predominance position to different contenders like Apple, Samsung, and so forth. On directing an inside and out examination, different purposes of imperfections have been uncovered. The principal factor that must be considered is that the telecom organization lost its item related edge in the market. While its rivals concentrated on unequivocally advancing items which are high on imaginative highlights, the organization adopted a laid back strategy (ET Bureau, 2013). Furthermore, the organization bombed in an extraordinary method to distinguish the changing and quickly developing worldwide portable market. While the market was to Smartphones with contact highlights created by its rivals, Nokia stuck for a lot of time to with advancing Smartphones that needed uniqueness in its item offering (News, 2012). Thirdly, the factor of brand situating must be contemplated. The massive telephone introduced by Nokia lost its edge in the market while contending with other well known brands which are high on style and item bid. Over some stretch of time, because of loss of brand request, Nokia’s items looked exceptionally antiquated when contrasted with the rival’s homogenous and elective item contributions (Chang, 2012). Cross Case examination For the motivation behind directing a cross case investigation, it should be referenced that both Apple and Nokia fall in the business classification of gadgets.

The Easiest SAT Subject Tests to Take

The Easiest SAT Subject Tests to Take SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips There are heaps of SAT Subject Tests to browse actually, there are 21 alternatives that spread 13 unique subjects and dialects. It very well may be overpowering! To keep things basic, you need to step through the Subject Examinations that will fortify your school applications with great scores. Things being what they are, which Subject Tests are simpler than others? While there is definitely not a straightforward response to this inquiry, we can move toward an answer from a couple of various points. To begin with, how about we investigate how understudies score on normal on each Subject Test. Normal SAT Subject Test Scores First we'll take a gander at the normal score for every one of the SAT Subject Tests. These numbers originate from information collectedfrom the 2016, 2017, and 2018 graduating classesby the College Board. Subject Test Mean Score Korean with Listening 761 Chinese with Listening 760 Japanese with Listening 703 Arithmetic Level 2 693 French with Listening 668 Material science 667 Science 666 Italian 666 Spanish with Listening 662 Science (Molecular) 650 Spanish 647 US History 640 French 628 Latin 626 World History 622 German 620 German with Listening 618 Science (Ecological) 618 Current Hebrew 612 Writing 607 Arithmetic Level 1 605 The initial three tests with the most elevated mean scores are language tests with tuning in. We'll talk about what this implies underneath, yet first we should consider another bit of this riddle the standard deviations, or how understudies' scores are circulated along the bend. Need to improve evaluations and grades? We can help. PrepScholar Tutors is the world's best mentoring administration. We consolidate world-class master coaches with our exclusive educating strategies. Our understudies have gotten An's on a great many classes, ideal 5's on AP tests, and ridiculously high SAT Subject Test scores. Regardless of whether you need assistance with science, math, English, sociology, or more, we have you secured. Show signs of improvement reviews today with PrepScholar Tutors. Standard Deviations of Subject Tests and Why It Matters The graph underneath records the subject tests from best quality deviation to most reduced. An elevated requirement deviation implies that individuals scored over a wide scope of scores, from much lower to a lot higher than the normal. Interestingly, a low standard deviation recommends that most of individuals scored near the normal score. The Korean with Listening and Chinese with Listening tests have the most noteworthy mean score and the least standard deviations. This implies most understudies scored close to that high mean of 761 and 760, individually. While these may seem like rarescores, on these tests they're entirely normal! On a comparable note, the Math Level 2 subject test has a truly high mean score of 693 and a low standard deviation. This implies most understudies who take Level 2 will in general score around that high mean. The Literature test, then again, has a lower mean score of 607 and a medium to elevated requirement deviation. So understudies scored over a wide scope of scores on the Literature test. It is conceivable to score a lot higher than a 607, and this will place you in a high percentile contrasted with other test-takers. Be that as it may, on the Chinese or Korean tests, a score of 700 may really be fairly low! Subject Test Standard Deviation Present day Hebrew 147 German 134 Italian 127 French 124 German with Listening 121 Writing 115 French with Listening 114 Science Level 1 112 Spanish 112 Latin 110 World History 110 Science (Ecological) 110 Science (Molecular) 109 Japanese with Listening 108 US History 108 Material science 107 Spanish with Listening 106 Science 105 Science Level 2 99 Korean with Listening 65 Chinese with Listening 66 So Which Are the Easiest SAT Subject Tests? In view of this data, the accompanying Subject Tests appear to be the least demanding to get a high score on: Science E Science M Science US History World History Since practically all U.S. secondary school understudies take secondary school science and U.S. history, and numerous others likewise take science and world history, you will have the option to get ready well for these tests by looking into your coursework and investing prep effort. Most understudies score lower on the Literature and Math Subject Tests, yet there is a wide scope of scores on them (in any event, on Math Level 1). So while these tests might be testing, on the off chance that you put in the push to plan, at that point you can score exceptionally and end up in an extremely high percentile contrasted with other test-takers. As referenced over, the most troublesome Subject Tests are likely Japanese with Listening, Korean with Listening, Chinese with Listening, and Math Level 2 in case you're not familiar or don't exceed expectations in those territories. In the event that you're not certain about your language or math abilities, at that point these tests are not the ones for you. 3 Things to Make Sure You Know... While the information proposes which Subject Tests are simpler and harder to accomplish high scores on, you ought to likewise ensure you realize the accompanying things before choosing a Subject Test. #1: Your Language Level In the event that you're familiar with a language, at that point these tests can be an incredible method to accomplish an exceptionally high score on a Subject Test and add one more resource for your school applications. Simultaneously, ensure you study and are set up for what will be on the test. Without an extremely high score, you may wind up in a low percentile-which would be an upsetting amazement in the event that you really communicate in and comprehend the language! On the off chance that you are not close conversant in a language, you should in any case be wary ensure you comprehend what will be on the tests and whether you have the language aptitudes to comprehend the material. Since you're contending with local and familiar speakers, you should score exceptionally high to wind up in a high percentile in general. #2: Your Math Level Likewise with a portion of the language tests, the Math Level 2 test has a high mean score that numerous understudies accomplish. This proposes Level 2 is best for understudies who especially exceed expectations in variable based math, geometry, trigonometry, and pre-analytics, and are natural and open to utilizing a diagramming adding machine. Look at training inquiries here and here to figure out which math level is better for you. #3: Which Subjects You Excel In At last, you should step through Subject Exams in subjects in which you exceed expectations. Subject Tests are intended to exhibit subject dominance, and you will presumably be best served taking them to harmonize with finals or AP tests in your pertinent classes. Get the hang of all that you can about the Subject Tests to settle on your best educated choice about which ones to take. Find out about the best test dates to pick, alongside to what extent the SAT Subject Tests are and how to deal with your time. Despite what the information proposes about the least demanding SAT Subject Tests, you'll accomplish your most elevated scores by understanding where you exceed expectations and doing everything you can to acclimate yourself with the tests and comprehend what's in store. What's Next? Picking your subject tests likewise relies upon your planned universities' necessity. Look at this manual for see the full rundown of schools that require SAT Subject Tests. Is it accurate to say that you are additionally taking the general SAT? This article discusses what makes a decent score, terrible score, and phenomenal score...and how you can set and arrive at your objective scores. In case you're taking or thinking about the ACT, this article separates the scores and how you can boost your score on the test. Need some additional assistance preparing for your Subject Tests? We have the business' driving SAT Subject Test prep programs (for all non-language Subject Tests). Worked by Harvard graduates and SAT Subject Test full or 99th %ile scorers, the program learns your qualities and shortcomings through cutting edge insights, at that point alters your prep program to you with the goal that you get the best prep conceivable. Become familiar with our Subject Test items underneath:

Erik Erikson theory of development essay

Erik Erikson theory of development essay 8 main stages of Eriksons theory Erik Erikson is a talented psychologist that created his theory about human development. He separated the entire life on eight phases and defined the main characteristics that affect peoples behavior on each stage. According to the theory, we can explain why people do what they do, and how they interact with environment. As Erikson said, each person goes through these 8 phases during their life cycle. Stage of infancy (0 â€" 18 months old) On this phase, babies interact with the environment through touches and visual contact. If parents care of baby properly, she or he will definitely feel trust, confidence and optimism. Without feeling of trust, a child may experience such feelings as insecurity, worthlessness and fear. Stage of toddler (18 months â€" 3 years old) On this phase, the child learns to build their self-esteem as well as interact with the world and learn new skills. Children of the age two can be stubborn, angry and naughty, trying to show their personality to parents and other children. Its important for parents to remember that children of this age are vulnerable, so they may feel shame if they are unable to learn some skills. Stage of preschooler (3 â€" 5 years old) Children of this age like to copy adult people and play toys, experimenting with new roles. These kids explore the world very active and use the question “why?” quite often. They want adults to explain all things they dont know. They try to identify their social roles and at this age, its very important for kids to have good relationship with their parents. Stage of schoolchildren (6 â€" 12 years old) On this phase, kids continue to learn new skills; they interact with world as well as communicate with friends. This is a period of high social development, and if children have negative feelings during communication with classmates, they may get serious problems with their self-esteem. The relationships of this period are mostly connected with friends and school. Of course, parents are still very important, but they are not as close as it was earlier. Stage of teenagers (12-18 years old) This is a very complicated phase for both teenager and their parents. On this stage, teenagers develop a very strong devotion to their ideals, such as actors, singers, and friends. They have to search for their own identity and try to develop a sense of high morality. Those teenagers who were unsuccessful on this stage, feel very confused. Stage of young adults (18 â€" 35 years old) This is a period when people are looking for a partner and relationship to make a new family. People seek for communication with others: their partners and friends. If their needs were not satisfied on this stage, they could find themselves isolated from others. Stage of middle-aged adults (35 â€" 65 years old) The most important things of this period are work and career, but people need to feel a connection with family. On this stage there may be significant changes, such as changing career, losing work, adult children leave the house, etc. People need communication with family, co-workers, social communities (gym, church, etc.) Stage of late adults (65 years old to death) Erikson supposed that older adults are able to look back at their life and to think about their success and fails. Some people can feel desperate on this level because they had a lot of bad experience during the life. They could feel afraid of death because they still didnt find the sense and purpose of their life, and it may seem to them they lived the whole life wrong. Other people who were more successful, feel satisfied with the life they lived and they talk about the death as the logical end of their long and productive way. The Eriks wife, Joan M. Erikson had added a 9th period in this theory. She said that old age in 80-90 may give new reevaluations, requirements, and even some difficulties in your life. A woman was 93 years old when she was writing about the nine stage.

Informative Essay About the Twin Towers Going Green

This essay was written to inform people about the rebuilding of the World Trade Center, and its new standards for its new green technology. September 11th, 2001. This was one of the darkest days in all of American history. A terrorist attack on the U.S.A. that left so many horrified for the future. The event of 9-11 emphasizes how important it is for Americans to stand together, thus revealing that because of negative events, a positive future will soon follow. As previously known, the United States faces many problems involving the environment. Now, a most amazing discovery among environmental issues has been found. The rubble of the world trade center could be a key point in rebuilding our ecosystem. This rubble, which causes so†¦show more content†¦New York requires significant air-conditioning service throughout the year. The occupants of the new WTC complex will stay frosty in even the muggiest of Autumnal weather thanks to the new and highly efficient 12,500-ton Central Chiller Plant (CCP) that uses water from the Hudson River to cool the WTC Transportation Hub, National September 11 Memorial and Museum, retail space and other non-commercial areas. Located in the far Southwest corner of the complex—roughly in the same area as the previous plant—the CCP employs water extracted through the River Water Pump Station on the other side of the West Side Highway, to chill (and heat, during the Winter) water for distribution to the rest of the complex. It will circulate 30,000 gallons of river water every minute. That s enough to fill 750 bath tubs, flush 10,000 toilets, and cool the same amount as approximately 2,500 home air-conditioners. It uses the Hudson as a way of both dissipating heat and preheating water. Because water below a certain depth is a pretty constant temperature, during the winter it takes less energy to heat and circulate it, and conversely, in the summer it takes less to cool it. The new World Trade Center is already 75 percent old.Show MoreRelatedContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 Pageson acid-free paper by Antony Rowe Ltd., Chippenham, Wiltshire ISBN 0–19–928335–4 978–0–19–928335–4 ISBN 0–19–928336–2 (Pbk.) 978–0–19–928336–1 (Pbk.) 1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2 3 FOREWORD ‘ Michael Bromwich is an exemplar of all that is good about the British tradition of academic accounting. Serious in intent, he has striven both to illuminate practice and to provide ways of improving it. Although always appealing to his economic understandings, he has been open to a wide variety of other ideasRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pages372 7 MANAGING CONFLICT 373 SKILL ASSESSMENT 374 Diagnostic Surveys for Managing Conflict 374 Managing Interpersonal Conflict 374 Strategies for Handling Conflict 375 SKILL LEARNING 376 Interpersonal Conflict Management 376 Mixed Feelings About Conflict 376 Diagnosing the Type of Interpersonal Conflict 378 Conflict Focus 378 Conflict Source 380 Selecting the Appropriate Conflict Management Approach 383 Comparing Conflict Management and Negotiation Strategies 386 Selection Factors 386 Resolving

The Issue Of Juvenile Internment - 1606 Words

offenders and toward the kids teetering on the edge, the ones for whom violence and arrest, addiction or death, are clearly in the cards, but still-perhaps-avoidable, (Humes 232). How can a child’s right to liberty, her parent’s right to act as guardian and the states interest to prevent crime be balanced with regard to status offenses. Although the original parens patriae stressed individual rehabilitation, primitive psychological knowledge combined with a concern of external scrutiny left most forms of juvenile internment seeming retributive. The court, however, operated on a pretense of rehabilitation that rationalized its lack of due process. This gulf between rhetoric and reality was addressed in the Gault decision. Feld writes, the†¦show more content†¦This movement seems to have evolved from an increasingly polarized economy that yielded great inequalities in wealth based on education levels and race. Inequalities such as these contributed to racial segr egation whereby blacks were and continue to be relegated to urban ghettos where crime, unstable family structures, social disorganization, drugs and the proliferation of handguns contributed to an image of black gang members as violent and dangerous. The intersection of race, guns, and homicide fanned the public and political panic that, in turn, led to the recent get-tough reformulation, (Feld 203). In order to mollify public fears of older, more dangerous juveniles and to appear to be tough on crime, policy makers brought retributive, adult punishment more and more into the purview of the juvenile court. Mandatory sentencing laws are one such manifestation. The issues with stricter sentencing guidelines are numerous. First, too much judicial discretion based solely on the crime and the juveniles past history lends itself to extensive racial and class-based discrimination. It is difficult to judge the efficacy of rehabilitation based on only a few objective factors without taking i nto account the structural condition of a juvenile’s situation. Also arising from the get tough movement, juvenile justice waiver laws were changed to decrease judge’s discretion and pull more youth into the adult criminal system a system based on

Methods of Transportation Free Essays

Roads are expensive pieces of infrastructure. While airlines has lowered the cost in their tickets and rented cars are cheaper. It is still more expensive than taking the bus to travel outside the city. We will write a custom essay sample on Methods of Transportation or any similar topic only for you Order Now The perks for taking the bus is convenience. You wont have to worry about driving for long periods of time. For instance, GO transit operates with fares that go from $6 to $10 dollars if you are going outside Toronto. Depending where you are going you might get a day-pass for just $12. All in all is the cheapest way to travel. Rail travel is one the most and green ways to get outside Toronto. Trains allow you to travel in safety and comfort. They pollute less and you won’t have to worry about weather conditions. While sometimes they could be more expensive than taking the bus, it is an option to consider if the price for your destination it is the same. For example, GO transit offers really good prices. If you go to Saukville the price would be the same as taking the bus. The only real difference are the advantages of the train such as comfort, fatty, practical and environmental friendly. While renting a car to travel outside the city might be the most expensive way there is one thing people love about the idea, freedom. One thing to keep in mind is that renting a car give you the possibility to move around once you get to your destination. For instance, Enterprise Rent-A-Car gives you the option during the winter season to rent a car as low as $9. 99 per day from Friday to Monday. This is a option to consider if you plan to stay a few days out of town. While traveling by train or bus might be cheaper at end could be more expensive since you will have to spend money at the local transit. Renting a car might seems its disadvantages. The price compared to taking the bus or train. Drive for long periods of time. And you might have to pay for parking. But if think about it the option of going anywhere at anytime and you won’t have access to local transit, renting a car is not as bad as it seems. How to cite Methods of Transportation, Papers

Methods of Transportation Free Essays

Roads are expensive pieces of infrastructure. While airlines has lowered the cost in their tickets and rented cars are cheaper. It is still more expensive than taking the bus to travel outside the city. We will write a custom essay sample on Methods of Transportation or any similar topic only for you Order Now The perks for taking the bus is convenience. You wont have to worry about driving for long periods of time. For instance, GO transit operates with fares that go from $6 to $10 dollars if you are going outside Toronto. Depending where you are going you might get a day-pass for just $12. All in all is the cheapest way to travel. Rail travel is one the most and green ways to get outside Toronto. Trains allow you to travel in safety and comfort. They pollute less and you won’t have to worry about weather conditions. While sometimes they could be more expensive than taking the bus, it is an option to consider if the price for your destination it is the same. For example, GO transit offers really good prices. If you go to Saukville the price would be the same as taking the bus. The only real difference are the advantages of the train such as comfort, fatty, practical and environmental friendly. While renting a car to travel outside the city might be the most expensive way there is one thing people love about the idea, freedom. One thing to keep in mind is that renting a car give you the possibility to move around once you get to your destination. For instance, Enterprise Rent-A-Car gives you the option during the winter season to rent a car as low as $9. 99 per day from Friday to Monday. This is a option to consider if you plan to stay a few days out of town. While traveling by train or bus might be cheaper at end could be more expensive since you will have to spend money at the local transit. Renting a car might seems its disadvantages. The price compared to taking the bus or train. Drive for long periods of time. And you might have to pay for parking. But if think about it the option of going anywhere at anytime and you won’t have access to local transit, renting a car is not as bad as it seems. How to cite Methods of Transportation, Papers

Kafkas The Metamorphosis Analysis Essay

Introduction The Metamorphosis is one of the main novels by a famous Austrian writer Franz Kafka. In addition, it is one of the most bright and impressive works of modern literature. The main subject of the novel is the family relations and problem of a person’s worthiness in the society. The main character of the story, Gregor Samsa, wakes up one morning and realizes that he transformed into a terrible bug.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Kafka’s The Metamorphosis Analysis Essay specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This fantastic change of the main character is just an artistic mean which serves as a basis and background for other actions and other metamorphoses in his family and society that surrounds him. Thus, the central motif of the story is the â€Å"metamorphosis† of a person and society. The Metamorphosis analysis essay shall examine the main topics of the short novel. The author explore s and analyses such social problems as a person’s worthiness and the ills of society, making use of a mixture of fantasy and reality, allegories, and analysis of the psychology of the society. The Metamorphosis provides a deep insight into the human soul and family relations in the middle-class Australian family. Analysis of Kafka’s The Metamorphosis from Modernism Perspective In the novel, the author emphasizes that society is hostile, and it does not need unproductive members. In order to show social-person relations, the author shows the relationships of the protagonist with his family. It is a typical and, at the same time, unique work of the modern period. As has already been mentioned, the Metamorphosis is a work that contains all traits of modernist literature. It explores the ideas of individualism and contradiction of a person and society. The main subject of modernistic literature is the problems of modern life and the role of the individual who faces these p roblems. What does The Metamorphosis have in common with many other works of literature? The works of modernistic literature are marked with pessimism and a response to the emerging city life and its society. The stream of consciousness is the leading literary convention used to transfer the absurdness of life and an individual’s attitude to the world. Extensive use of comparisons, personifications, intertextuality, and psychoanalysis are the significant signs of modernism. The Metamorphosis, as a typical example of the modernistic literature, contains many symbols and metaphors, â€Å"Kafka often used a plainly described world of persecution in which one irrational element would be introduced to complete the narrative down an absurd path† (Childs 125).Advertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This work can be challenging to analyze for the unprepared reader, and differ ent readers can find different themes and meanings in this novel as there are plenty of them. However, the line, which every reader notices, is the line of changes that are discovered at different levels. The first change is a physical change of the protagonist â€Å"When Gregor Samsa woke up one morning from unsettling dreams, he found himself changed in his bed into a monstrous vermin.† (Kafka 13). The second change occurs with the mental state of the protagonist when he becomes aloof of the outer world, and â€Å"he was showing so little consideration for the others† (Kafka 22). Finally, the third line of changes appears within his family and its attitude to the protagonist. All these changes appear in real and fantastic context and, â€Å"Kafka’s ability to successfully join the fantastic and the real is often noted as being at the root of his genius† (Bloom 34). The piece of writing   has strict structure and develops in chronological order. The st ory opens with the scene when Gregor Samsa, a young man from a middle-class family, wakes up in the morning and discovers that he transformed into a terrible insect. The beginning of the story immediately provokes excitement and suspense. What is interesting is that Gregor does not feel worried about his transformation, but he is concerned about the fact that he will miss a train and will be late for a job. He had never missed even a day and, â€Å"in fifteen years of service Gregor had never once yet been ill.† (Kafka 16). The fact of transformation is a strong literary convention that helps the author to explore the main subjects in his work. Symbolism in the Novel: Summary After having transformed into a terrible insect, Gregor preserves his human soul, and he is still worried about his family, and he needs help and support of his family. But he receives them neither from his parents nor from his sister. The only thing that concerns them is that their single â€Å"source of income† will not be able to bring money. The only things that Gregor receives from his family are anger, fear, and even aggression. Even the fact that this insect is their son and brother cannot excite their understanding and compassion. In his turn, Gregor understands his family members and makes everything possible not to bother them. Reading the novel, one realizes that behind the appearance of the bug, there is a king and tender soul of a young man. Gregor tries to bring fewer concerns to his parents and family, he does not leave his room not to frighten his mother and hides under the bed when his sister cleans the room. A tense atmosphere in the family grows. All family members are starting to hate Gregor, and they behave as if he is not a human anymore.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Kafka’s The Metamorphosis Analysis Essay specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The breaking point for the story comes when Grete, Gregor’s sister, declares that the insect in the room is not Gregor anymore and just a bug and they have to get rid of him: â€Å"Things cannot go on any longer in this way. Maybe if you don’t understand that, well, I do. I will not utter my brother’s name in front of this monster, and thus I say only that we must try to get rid of it. We have tried what is humanly possible to take care of it and to be patient. I believe that no one can criticize us in the slightest.† (Kafka, 137). The same night Gregor dies, and nobody misses him. The problem of the individual and person’s worthiness appears though the text. When Gregor was still a human, he was discontent with his job but did it to pay the debts of his father. Thus, the author explores the conflict of society and human existence in it. Gregor’s transformation in the insect was a logical continuation of his involuntary dependence and his unhappy human life. The allusion to the insect is not accidental. The bug is unprotected in front of society, as well as Gregor’s life was. After the transformation, the life in the family changed, â€Å"the house soon started to fall apart; the household was reduced more and more.† (Kafka 111). However, it was not for a long time. Soon, a metamorphosis occurred to other members of the family as well. Gregor’s father â€Å"turned from a lethargic, failed businessman to a productive, active member of the work force† (Bloom, 44). The family does not need Gregor anymore. They have got money, and it is the only thing they wanted from Gregor. It may seem that family’s attitude to Gregor changed after his metamorphosis. However, it is evident that this change only discovered the truth. Thus, Gregor was only a â€Å"machine† that brought money. It was his primary role in the family.Advertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More His family treats him as a working â€Å"bug.† However, not only his family but also the society where he lived as well treat him this way. He discovers that he was not worthy of anything, and even if he dies, nobody will notice it. Gregor lived as a bug, and he transformed into a bug. But, the readers are not horrified with the transformation, but with the terrible attitude to a poor young man. Even the view of the reader suffers changes. We feel compassion towards Gregor, and his family’s behavior fills us with indignation. A terrible everyday life and attitude of parents to their son seem to be unacceptable. However, it is a terrible reality that depicts a real social structure. What Aspect of Kafka’s The Metamorphosis Can Readers Mostly Relate to Today? In the character of Gregor Samsa, the author focused not only on the individual problem of one young man but the problem of the whole society. This novel is the brightest expression of the tragic perception o f the world that was a characteristic feature of all Kafka’s works. The situation of transformation can be interpreted in different ways. It may concern a family and social alienation, the loneliness of a person capable of compassion and self-sacrifice, one’s difference from others. Kafka depicts the protagonist’s mental and spiritual isolation as a result of his metamorphosis. The author shows the essence of society realistic and believable: you are a member of the community while you can perform your job and serve it. However, if you are not capable of doing it, society does not need you anymore and can even get read of you. Gregor is an unproductive individual, and his family is a symbol of the society which does not want to accept the one who does not bring any profit. In this novel. Kafka emphasizes the fact of human vulnerability in society. A person is just a powerless and helpless â€Å"toy† doomed to be lonely, even among the closest people, his/ her family. Conclusion The Metamorphosis is an innovative work in the world of prose. It is full of symbolic and metaphorical images that emphasize the tragedy of a person’s fate, the alienation of the personality, its helplessness in front of society. The novel depicts the hostile world. It is one of the stories that make people think about â€Å"questions of life.† It makes it one of the best modernistic works of literature and the most examined and criticized novels. As The Metamorphosis analysis essay evidences, different people can find different themes in this book. However, the dominant theme is the alienation of the person and its relations with society. Through the description of family relations in the Gregor’s family, the author makes allusions to the relationships in modern society. The author provides the idea that society is cruel, and it does not need unproductive people. This idea is closely interrelated with the social problem of a personâ€℠¢s worthiness in the world. The author expresses his vision of the person’s role in society, making use of the fantastic transformation of the protagonist in the bug. Works Cited Bloom, Harold. Franz Kafka’s Metamorphosis. New York: Infobase Publishing, 2006. Childs, Peter. Modernism. New York, Routledge, 2008. Kafka, Franz. Metamorphosis. Delaware: Prestwick House Inc, 2005. This essay on Kafka’s The Metamorphosis Analysis was written and submitted by user Gianna Pace to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Importance of Jade in Chinese Culture

Importance of Jade in Chinese Culture Jade is a metamorphic rock that is naturally colored green, red, yellow, or white. When it polished and treated, the vibrant colors of jade can be extraordinary. The most popular kind of jade in Chinese culture is green jade, which has an emerald hue.   Called 玉 (yà ¹) in Chinese, jade is important to Chinese culture because of its beauty, practical use, and social value. Here is an introduction to jade and why it is so important to Chinese people. Now when you browse through an antique shop, jewelry store, or museum, you can impress your friends with your knowledge of this important stone. Types of Jade Jade is classified into soft jade (nephrite) and hard jade (jadeite). Since China only had soft jade until jadeite was imported from Burma during the Qing dynasty (1271–1368 CE), the term jade traditionally refers to nephrite, and so soft jade is also called traditional jade. In preColumbian America, only hard jade was available; all Native American jades are jadeite. Burmese jadeite is called feicui in Chinese. Feicui is now more popular and valuable than soft jade in China today. History of Jade Jade has been a part of Chinese civilization from the earliest days. Chinese jade was used as a material for practical and ornamental purposes at an early period in history, and it continues to be very popular today. The earliest Chinese jade is from the early Neolithic period Hemudu culture in Zhejian Province (about 7000–5000 BCE). Jade was an important part of ritual contexts in the middle to late Neolithic periods, such as the Hongshan culture that existed along the Lao River and the Liangzhu culture in the Tai Lake region (both date between 4000–2500 BCE). Carved jade has also been found in sites dated to the Longshan culture (3500–2000 BCE) by the Yellow River; and the Bronze age cultures of Western and Easter Zhou dynasties (11th–3rd centuries BCE). In  Ã¨ ª ªÃ¦â€"‡è § £Ã¥ ­â€" (shuo  wen  jie  zi), the first Chinese dictionary published in the early second century CE, jade was described as beautiful stones by the writer Xu Zhen. Jade has been a familiar substance in Chinese culture for a very long time. Uses of Chinese Jade Archaeological artifacts of jade include sacrificial  vessels, tools, ornaments,  utensils, and many other items. Ancient music instruments were made out of Chinese jade, such as the yuxiao  (a flute made of jade and played vertically), and chimes. The beautiful color of jade made it a mysterious stone to the Chinese in ancient times, so jade wares were popular as sacrificial vessels and were often buried with the dead. One example of the ritual importance of jade is the burial of the body of Liu Sheng, a prince of the Zhongshan State (Western Han Dynasty) who died around 113 BCE. He was buried in a  jade suit  composed of 2,498 pieces of jade stitched together with gold thread. Importance of Jade in Chinese Culture Chinese people love jade not only because of its aesthetic beauty but also because of what it represents regarding social value. In the Li Ji (Book of Rites), Confucius said that there are 11 De, or virtues, represented in jade: benevolence, justice, propriety, truth, credibility, music, loyalty, heaven, earth, morality, and intelligence. The wise have likened jade to virtue. For them, its polish and brilliancy represent the whole of purity; its perfect compactness and extreme hardness represent the sureness of intelligence; its angles, which do not cut, although they seem sharp, represent justice; the pure and prolonged sound, which it gives forth when one strikes it, represents music. Its color represents loyalty; its interior flaws, always showing themselves through the transparency, call to mind sincerity; its iridescent brightness represents heaven; its admirable substance, born of mountain and of water, represents the earth. Used alone without ornamentation it represents chastity. The price that the entire world attaches to it represents the truth. Book of Rites In the Shi Jing  (Book of Odes), Confucius wrote: When I think of a wise man, his merits appear to be like jade. Book of Odes Thus, beyond monetary worth and materiality, jade is greatly prized as it stands for beauty, grace, and purity. As the Chinese saying goes: gold has a value; jade is invaluable.   Jade in the Chinese Language Because jade represents desirable virtues, the word for jade (yu) is incorporated into many Chinese idioms and proverbs to denote beautiful things or people. For example, å† °Ã¦ ¸â€¦Ã§Å½â€°Ã¦ ´  (bingqing yujie), which directly translates to clear as ice and clean as jade is a Chinese saying that means someone is pure and noble. ä º ­Ã¤ º ­Ã§Å½â€°Ã§ «â€¹ (tingting  yuli) is a phrase used to describe something or someone that is fair, slim, and graceful. Additionally, 玉å ¥ ³ (yà ¹nÇš), which means jade woman,  is a term for a lady or beautiful girl.   A popular thing to do in China is to use the Chinese character for jade in Chinese names. The Supreme Deity of Taoism is known as Yuhuang  Dadi (the Jade Emperor). Chinese Stories About Jade Jade is so ingrained in Chinese culture that there are famous stories about Jade (here called bi). The two most famous tales are He Shi Zhi Bi (Mr. He and His Jade or Hes Jade Disc) and Wan Bi Gui Zhao (Jade Returned Intact to Zhao). The stories involve a man named Bian He and a piece of jade that eventually became a symbol of united China. He Shi Zhi Bi tells the story of Mr. He and how he found a piece of raw jade and tried to give it to two generations of kings, but they didnt recognize it as valuable and cut off his feet as punishment for trying to pass off an unworthy stone. Eventually, the grandson of the first king finally had his jeweler cut the stone open and found the raw jade; it was carved into a disc and named after Mr. He by that grandson, Wenwang, the king of the Chu State, around 689 BCE. Wan Bi Gui Zhao is the follow-up story of this famous jade. The carved disc was subsequently stolen from the Chu State and eventually ended up owned by the Zhao. The king of the Qin State, the most powerful state during the Warring States Period (475–221 BCE), attempted to buy the jade disc back from the Zhao State in exchange for 15 cities. (Jade is known as ä » ·Ã¥â‚¬ ¼Ã¨ ¿Å¾Ã¥Å¸Å½, Valued at multiple cities because of this story.) However, he failed. Eventually, after some amount of political chicanery, the jade disc was returned to the Zhao State. In 221 BCE, the emperor Qin Shi Huangdi conquered the Zhao state, and as the ruler and founder of the Qin dynasty, he had the disc carved into a seal representing the new united China. The seal was part of the royal stores in China for 1,000 years before being lost during the Ming and Tang dynasties. Source Wu Dingming. 2014. A Panoramic View of Chinese Culture. Simon and Schuster.

The Battles of the French and Indian War

The Battles of the French and Indian War The battles of the French and Indian War, also known as the Seven Years War,  were fought around the globe making the conflict the first truly global war. While fighting began in North America, it soon spread and consumed Europe and colonies as far-flung as India and the Philippines. In the process, names such as Fort Duquesne, Rossbach, Leuthen, Quebec, and Minden joined the annals of military history. While armies sought supremacy on land, the combatants fleets met in notable encounters such as Lagos and Quiberon Bay. By the time the fighting ended, Britain had gained an empire in North America and India, while Prussia, though battered, had established itself as a power in Europe. French Indian/Seven Years War Battles: By Theater Year 1754 Battle of Fort Necessity/Great Meadows - North America 1755 Battle of the Monongahela - North AmericaBattle of Lake George - North America 1757 Battle of Plassey - IndiaSiege of Fort William Henry - North America 1758 Siege of Louisbourg - North AmericaBattle of Carillon - North America 1759 Battle of Fort Niagara - North AmericaBattle of Quebec - North AmericaBattle of Quiberon Bay - Europe 1763 Pontiacs Rebellion - North America

Operating systems and networking Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Operating systems and networking - Coursework Example BEFORE submission, each student must complete a faculty coursework cover sheet obtainable from the Student Office. This assignment is being marked by student number, please ensure that you complete the correct cover sheet. Notes: Late penalties You must meet all deadlines set. Failure to do so will result in a penalty. The usual deadline time is 1pm on the stated day – ALL work received after this time will be stamped LATE by Student Office staff. Work submitted late but within a week of the deadline will be capped at 40% and receive a grade of LP (Late Pass) unless it is not of a passing standard in which case it will receive a grade of LF (Late Fail). Work submitted beyond a week of the deadline without approval will get 0% with a grade of F0. If, however, you have a serious problem which prevents you from meeting the deadline you may be able to negotiate an extension in advance. In the first instance you should contact the Student Liaison Officer, Holly Rook in the Student Office for advice. However any extension will need to be obtained from your Module Leader who will sign your mitigating circumstances form and agree a new hand in date. Your work will then be marked without penalty. Use of Unfair Means You are reminded of the University’s plagiarism regulations (http://student.kingston.ac.uk/C6/Plagiarism/) and that the work you submit for assessment should contain no section copied in whole or in part from any other source unless where explicitly acknowledged by means of proper citation. Question I: Instruction Set Architecture (20 marks) 1.1. Define Instruction Set Architecture (ISA). Use examples to assist your answer. (5 marks) I.S.A is an acronym for â€Å"instruction set architecture â€Å"and it serves as an interface between the software and hardware, and is that section of a processor which is visible to the programmer .Various important terms are interrelated with this concept which includes operand, its size, its location and its type. Various important types of I.S.A: General Purpose Register (G.P.R): Operands in this case are mostly the registers or memory location Stack: The operand is implicitly on top of the stack. Accumulator: one of the operand is the accumulator Each of the above have their own strengths and weaknesses .Recently most processors are General Purpose oriented .Over period of time registers use has made things faster and easy .Examples of G.P.U are Motorola 86xxx,IBM 360 Various extensions: RISC: Reduced Instruction Set Architecture .This form of Architecture introduces pipelining concept and has large number of registers compared to CISC. It lays emphasis on the software; with lower cycles per second .The embedded systems are prime example of this type of architecture processor, especially the gaming consoles CISC: Complex Instruction Set Architecture, example in this case is Intel architecture of 80 x86 and the most ubiquitous Pentium Family processors are all CISC. Processor performs most of the instructions operations. It lays emphasis on the hardware, and has higher cycles per second 1.2. A processor has a 32-bit instruction format with the following fields: opcode: 8 bits ra: 6 bits rb: 6 bits rc: 6 bits rd: 6 bits Where ra, rb and rc specify three input registers and rd specifies one destination register. If there is a single register file to store the identifications of all registers, how many

Sport and Leisure Identities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Sport and Leisure Identities - Essay Example Thus, the classes are not as distinct as they once were, their nature more developed along consumerism that provides an equalizing element to the nature of choice. While social class and related issues of gender and ethnicity still have powerful influential context for the individual, consumerism also plays a role in the way in which choices about leisure time and sports activities are concerned. Despite the highly influential consumer society that presents equalities of opportunities to the classes, in the end it is still the nature of what is presented as an opportunity, in combination to how a community has developed their identity around leisure and sports that will have the greatest influence on the choices that are made by the individual. Spectator sports, in particular, create large communities of followers that can be explored for the way in which their social class relates to their choices. Social Class The social class systems in Great Britain were originally based on finit e criteria that placed people into social groups according to birth, occupation, and accomplishments. These social groups were finite in that once inside a specific group, even though most often through birth, it was difficult, if not impossible, to find a way up to the next social class level. With growing globalization that begun with the industrialization of goods and services, creating a wealthy middle class who were not associated by birth to nobility, the social class structure has changed dramatically. Social classes are defined by a series of criteria that place a person into a certain strata of social grouping. In order to be a member of the upper class, one is born into the group of landowners who bare titles of the aristocracy. Even if one marries into this group, full integration will more than likely not occur. These families have long histories that are well documented, giving them position and prestige merely from being born into the right family. The upper middle cla ss is defined by the well-educated, although most people are born into this class as well. Through higher educations and academic pursuits, the incomes are high and the perpetuation of this level of achievement is the common way for the perpetuation of the families as they continue their traditions of attending the more prestigious educational institutions.1 The middle class is the group of people who work as doctors, lawyers, architects, teachers, and those who have attained a position of respect through the means of their education and accomplishments. The nouveau rich are the people who have attained new money, their lifestyles altered by the increases in wealth that comes, not from family, but from entrepreneurial or inventive efforts. The nouveau rich is a relatively new class that was not in existence pre-industrial communities.2 This type of self-made wealth was not possible during feudal configurations of society and has only emerged with the consumerist society that has acc ompanied industrialization. The lower middle class consists of white collar workers without extensive educations working in jobs that are still cerebral, but not high paying and without much in the way of earned respect due to their professional

The Rice Subsidy Programme in Malaysia

The Rice Subsidy Programme in Malaysia Rice is an important security crop which acts as a staple food in Malaysia. During the last 30 years, rice cultivation in Malaysia was converted from a subsistence farming crop, to a commercial crop which is highly controlled and subsidized by the Malaysian government. As rice is a major staple food in the country, a large range of protective policies has been introduced by the government to protect rice farmers’ incomes and to ensure the existence of sufficient rice supply in the nation due to the country’s interest in food security. Local rice farmers produce approximately 60-70% of the domestic rice supply in the nation, while imports fill up the remaining 30-40% of the rice supply. Another interesting aspect of the Malaysian rice market is that rice firm Malaysias Padiberas Nasional Bhd (BERNAS) acts as the sole importer for foreign rice. On top of that, BERNAS is also responsible for the distribution of paddy price subsidies to local rice farmers and acts as a last resort buyer at Guaranteed Minimum Price (GMP), fixed at RM550 per metric tonne. According to the Finance Ministry of Malaysia, the government allocated RM528 million as subsidy for approximately 700,000 metric tonne of rice as of 2013, under the nation’s Rice Subsidy Programme. The cheapest type of rice which is subsidized by the Malaysian government is the Super Tempatan 15%, priced at RM1.80 per kg. The Malaysian government aims to protect the interest of local farmers as well as low income earners via its Rice Subsidy Programme. One of the main reasons as to why the nation’s government should continue subsidizing rice is to increase the self-sufficiency level of the local rice market. According to BERNAS, the firm imports around 30% to 40% of Malaysias domestic rice demand to fulfil the nation’s rice requirement. This shows that the local rice market’s sufficiency level is only around 60% to 70%. Therefore, in order for Malaysia to achieve a 100% sufficiency level, rice production in the country must increase.   Ã‚   Diagram 1: Subsidy graph Referring to Diagram 1, S0 refers to the supply of rice that the local rice farmers can produce without subsidy. With the introduction of subsidy by the government, local rice farmers collect RM248.10 for every tonne of paddy that they harvested. This indirectly lowers the cost of paddy production for the farmers, which allows them to expand their production from S0 to S1. If the subsidy provided by the local government continues, it is possible to further increase the production rate of paddy in Malaysia and thus increasing the self-sufficiency level of the rice market. Furthermore, Malaysia will be less dependent on foreign rice to meet the nation’s rice requirement, and a self-sufficiency rice market will prepare the nation to face any food crisis similar to the rice crisis in 2008, which might occur in future. According to Christopher Teh Boon Sung who is a senior lecturer at Universiti Putra Malaysia, the nation would need to increase the rice yield per capita to a minimu m of 106 kg in order for Malaysia’s rice market to be 100% self-sufficient by 2015. Rice production in Malaysia is largely restricted by the fact that most local farmers do not have enough modal or funds to further expand their supply. Therefore, the nation’s Rice Subsidy Programme will provide the necessary benefits to assist the rice farmers to increase the nation’s rice supply. Besides being beneficial to the producers, the continuation of the Rice Subsidy Programme by the government of Malaysia will also help lower the cost of living for the low income earners. While the subsidies provided by the government are distributed to the rice producers only, it has a direct effect on consumers as well. Diagram 2: As shown in Diagram 2, the subsidy given to the producers shifts the supply curve to the right from S0 to S1, thus lowering the equilibrium price of rice from P2 to P1. This will benefit the low income earners as the reduction in price equilibrium of rice allows them to consume more rice at a lower price. Furthermore, producers will not suffer any loss from selling rice at a price lower than equilibrium as the amount subsidized by the government (P3-P1) covers the full market price. In other words, with the existence of the Rice Subsidy Programme, it assists both local rice farmers and low income earners to ease the burden of rising costs of living due to other developments in the nation. On top of that, the reduced prices of rice due to subsidy will also protect local rice companies against competition from imported foreign rice. Consumers will be more attracted by the cheaper prices of local rice, which will result in local rice being the preferred choice over the others. One of the main reasons why the Malaysian government should discontinue subsidizing essential goods such as rice is due to the fact that subsidies require massive amount of funding for it to be financed. While giving out subsidies to rice farmers has been a norm in the country for many years, the government of Malaysia should also consider the fact that it is very costly for the nation to continue funding them. According to the Finance Ministry of Malaysia, the government allocated a staggering RM528 million to fund subsidies for 700,000 metric tonne in 2013. Moreover, the rice subsidy provided by the government inevitably comes with an opportunity cost. As a large portion of government’s funds being allocated for the rice subsidy, the government is unable to increase the budget of other essential sectors in the nation such as education and infrastructure development. By discontinuing the subsidy for rice in the country, the government will obtain additional funds to increase its expenditure in other sectors which could reduce the burden of citizens even further. With that, the government is able to execute other essential policies such as free education. Besides that, the government should also take into account that the continuation of rice subsidy will lead to long-term environmental issues. As the government aims to protect local rice farmers and encouraging them to increase rice production in the nation via its subsidy programme, it might also encourage the rice farmers to use intensive farming methods in order to gain faster yields. Those intensive farming methods might be a huge threat to the sustainability of the country’s ecological resources. If that happens, concerned non-governmental organizations or angry citizens will possibly stage mass rallies and protests which could tarnish the nation’s image in the eyes of global investors. Moreover, With so much taxpayer’s money being allocated as subsidy for rice by the Malaysian government, there are surely questions on who benefits more from the subsidy. A suitable policy which could possibly satisfy all parties is that the government removes all trade barriers for the rice market in Malaysia. This policy has a slight similarity to the one executed by Thailands military government which dismissed all rice price-support scheme imposed by the former civilian government. In order to run free market policy for the rice industry, the policy will require BERNAS to be removed as a sole importer for rice, and the abolishment of the Rice Subsidy Programme in Malaysia. The objective of this policy is to allow the prices of rice to be set by the forces of supply and demand without government intervention. As a direct result of this policy, rice supply in the country is expected to decrease due to the fact that local rice farmers no longer have the aid to increase their production capacity. However, this will not be a major problem as the gap between production and consumption can now be filled up by rice vendors importing rice from foreign coun tries. As BERNAS no longer holds the rice import monopoly, rice imports are expected to increase as vendors face competition among one another. More importantly, the government will no longer have to fund over RM500 million each year and can allocate the extra funds to other sectors. One of the disadvantages of this policy is that the prices of rice are expected to rise slightly following the removal of subsidy. However, that will only affect consumers for a short term, as competition in the market will set a lower equilibrium price sooner or later. Also, removal of subsidy might cause dissatisfaction among farmers and low income earners who no longer have additional aids to bear the high costs of living. In conclusion, the Rice Subsidy Programme in Malaysia has its advantages and disadvantages.

Change Model Essay

The aim of this essay is to critically analyse the background of the Qantas and its decision to launch Jetstar on May 2004 that operated around 800 flights a week across network of 14 destinations within Melbourne, Sydney and Brisbane. Secondly, this essay will evaluate how Data Collection Feedback Cycle change model is used to gather major information and to critically analyse it. Thirdly, this essay will critically evaluate the background of Qantas and Virgin Blue and will also highlight various reasons that eventually led the Qantas group for the launch of the Jetstar. Fourthly, this essay will also critically analyse the revenue and profit performance of Qantas prior the introduction of Jetstar i.e. 2002. Fifthly, it will continue to critically evaluate the trend in Qantas and Virgin Blue in 2003. Then the sixth paragraph will also critically evaluate the trend in Qantas after the launch of Jetstar. Lastly, the essay will also look into the annual reports of the year 2005-2009 and critically analyse the significant value added by the Jetstar to the Qantas group; and will critically analyse whether the executive decision of Qantas to launch Jetstar in order to retain the 60% domestic aviation market from its competitors has been a strategic success or not. This paragraph will critically analyse the change management information gathered to launch Jetstar low cost airline in May 2004 by using the Data Collection Feedback Cycle change model. Nadler (1977) as cited in Cumming and Worley (2009:122) highlights that the Data Collection Feedback model consists of five phases that are (1) planning to collect data, (2) collecting data, (3) analysing data, (4) feeding back data and (5) following up on the data collected. In planning to Gather information to justify change Nadler (1977) argues that primary methods such as, direct interviews with CEO and key change agents, observing and identifying the need for change and the use of un obstructive measure as sampling technique, force field analysis and scatter diagrams, could be used to gather major information. In contrast Danaher have used various published data to trace the evolution of the Jetstar strategy of its initial position, to its efforts to attain price competitiveness and service parity, followed by its highly focused, cost-effective service delivery strategy. Based on it they have developed a hierarchical model with parameters estimated at the  individual level. This allows us to study not only how service design and pricing initiatives shift the perceived performance of Jetstar relative to its competitors but also how the airline can move market preferences toward areas in which it has competitive advantage. After done with the planning of the collection of data from competitors performance on its revenue, sales profits, passenger numbers and market share in 2002, 2003 and 2004 against Qantas key performance indicators for the same period between 2002, 2003 and 2004 from the Annual Reports of both Virgin Blue and Qantas domestic operations. Nadler (1977), after the data has been collected data they are analysed using the qualitative change data such as directors report, World Business Briefing /Australia: Airline Profit(2004).The reminder of this essay will critically analyse the data collected from secondary sources such as Annual Reports, newspaper articles and journal articles to analysis the data sourced to evaluate what would be the most effective change to be implemented by Qantas in responding to Virgin Blue competition the Australian aviation domestic sectors. This paragraph will evaluate the basic background of Qantas and Virgin Blue and will also highlight various reasons that eventually led the Qantas group for the launch of the Jetstar. After the deregulation of Australian aviation market there were several airline companies entering the market however the most significant entrance was of low fare airlines Impulse in June and Virgin Blue in August 2000. The arrival of Impulse Airlines and Virgin Blue doubled the number of players and dramatically challenged the stable duopoly of Qantas (after its merger with Australian Airlines) and Ansett, setting off a vicious price war (Traca, D., 2004). However, Impulse facing a major trouble in the cash flow agreed on May 1, 2001 to hand over its operations to its biggest rival, Qantas Airways. As per the deal Impulse stopped its passenger service under its own name on May 14 and leased 21 aircraft as well as cabin crews and pilots to Qantas. The deal led the stock of Qantas heaved by 26% closing at $3.40 per share giving Qantas a significantly stronger position in the Australian market (Gaylord, 2001). Qantas, Australia’s leading domestic and international carries launched a budget airline called Jetstar in May 2004 (Qantas annual report, 2004). With Jetstar Qantas’s aim was to cover the low fare segment of the aviation  industry, which came into existence in the year 2000 with its competitor, Virgin Blue. Virgin had been successfully eating up QANTAS market share by attacking it from below as a no frills provider. In 2001 the collapse of Ansett in domestic market, led Qantas to lease extra flights, add hundreds of special flights in order to help stranded travellers due to Ansett crisis. At the time Qantas flew more than 50,000 former Ansett passengers for free and other 65,000 on heavily discounted fares. Due to this Qantas was able to deliver a profit before tax of $631m and net profit after tax of $428 million at the end of 2002, 30 June, despite of the fact that the world’s aviation market was suffering from â€Å"constant shock syndrome†, due to the September 11 attack followed by bombings in Bali, the war in Iraq and of course the devastating outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (Qantas annual report, 2003). The shutdown of Ansett also highly benefitted Virgin Blue, since the event provided a wide opportunity for Virgin Blue to grow rapidly and become Australia’s second leading domestic carrier. In 2000 it started with only one route (Brisbane to Sydney) with two aircrafts and a team of just 200 people. In 2001, with the opportunity to widen its market segment, 14 new routes were launched (virginaustralia – history). The aim of this paragraph is to highlight how Qantas and Virgin Blue became the only two players in the Australian domestic aviation market in 2002. It will also look in to the key financial indicators of both the companies so that a comparison could be drawn out. In 2002 there were only two companies that survived the fare war of 2000-2001. One of them was Qantas that gained 80% of the domestic market share following Ansetts cessation. Whereas, the number of international passenger declined by 11% which makes an average decline of about 25% in global aviation market (Traca, D., 2004). In the same year Qantas domestic carried 1485 million passengers making a RPK of $2034 million and the ASK of $2503 million (Traffic and capacity statistics, 2002). Qantas announced its financial results for the year ended 30th June 2002. As per the financial result the company had $631 million of profit before tax, a net profit after tax of $million, revenue of $ 10,968.8 million and earnings per share of 29.1 cents (Qantas annual report, 2002). The other survivor of the fare war, Virgin Blue managed to emerge as second Australian Domestic carrier, covering of about 20% of the domestic market  (Traca, D., 2004). Due to its strategic low operating cost and soaring market share, it was able to achieve net profit before tax of $34.8 million and revenue of $388.3 million. In this year the airline carried 3.2 million passengers, its traffic as measured by RPK’S was 3169 million, capacity measured by ASK’S was 3898 million (Virgin Blue annual report, 2004). In March 2002 Patrick Corporation, the premier port cargo handler, bought 50% of the airline. This change made Godfrey, chief executive of Virgin Blue confident about the enlargeme nt of the domestic operation and also expansion into the international market with service to South Pacific (Traca, D., 2004). This paragraph critically analyses the key financial indicators of the Qantas and the Virgin Blue of the year 2003. It will also highlight how Virgin Blue concentrating only of the leisure domestic market was slowly overcoming the market share of Qantas. In 2003 Qantas domestic carried 1768 million passengers making a RPK of $2262 million and the ASK of $2683 million (Traffic and capacity statistics, 2003). Qantas announced its financial results for the year ended 30th June 2003. As per the financial result the company had $502.3 million of profit before tax, a net profit after tax of $343.5 million, revenue of $11,374.9 million and earnings per share of 20 cents (Qantas annual report 2003). Speaking of announcements, in the Annual General Meeting held on 16th October 2003 it was announced that â€Å"the airline is investigating the establishment of separate domestic low cost airline to service the leisure market in Australia† (Preliminary monthly traffic and capacity statistics, July 2003).In this same year Virgin Blue carried 6.8 million passengers, its traffic as measured by RPK’S was 7194 million, capacity measured by ASK’S was 9078 million. Taking advantage of the fact that Virgin Blue had no other competitor serving the price sensitive market of Australia, it earned revenue of $914.6 million, compared to previous year the revenue earned up roared by 135.5% and the number of passengers carried also increased by 107% (Virgin Blue annual report, 2003). This paragraph will critically analyse the launch of Jetstar in May 2004 and the changes that it brought in the key financial indicators of Qantas and as well as of Virgin Blue. Following the announcement made in 2003 Annual  General Meeting Qantas Introduced Jetstar in May 2004. In the first year Jetstar alone carried 273,000 passengers. Prior Jetstar Qantas already had Qantas Domestic and Qantas Link serving domestic passengers. With these three Qantas in total carried 1973 million passengers. Compared to 2003/04 the number increased by 9.4% (Traffic and capacity statistics, 2004). In the same year Total Domestic (Qantas, Qantas Link and Jetstar) traffic was measured in Revenue Passenger Kilometres (RPKs) of $2451 million while capacity, measured in Available Seat Kilometres (ASKs) increased to $3021 million (Traffic and capacity statistics, 2004). On 19 August 2004, Qantas announced its financial results for the year ended 30 June 2004. In the announcement it was stated that the company had achieved a profit before tax of $964.6 million and a net profit after tax of $648.4 million. Similarly, $11.4 billion of revenue, earning per share of 35.7 cents (Qantas annual report, 2004/05). Despite increasing domestic competition during the year Virgin Blue continued to show strong growth and profitability. During the year Virgin Blue carried over 10million (m) passengers, an increase of 53% compared to previous year. Doubling its passenger number the third time in a row in this same year it welcomed its 20 millionth passenger. Its revenue for the 2004 financial year was $1362.3million which is 49% more than the previous year. In the same year profit before tax was up by 45% to 226.2million and a Net Profit After Tax of 158.5million (Virgin blue annual report, 2004). Till March 31, 2004 Virgin Blue had 44 Boeing Net Generation 737 – 700 & 737 -800 aircraft out of which 36 were leased and 8 were owned. However, during the year the fleet was increased by 15 aircrafts. Since the day of establishment Virgin Blue was committed to keep its cost base low and they are continuously working through it so that they could consistently provide their customers with low fares travel. Their cost per ASK for the financial year 2004 was 8.16 cents whereas a year before it was 8.48 cents. A decrease of 3.5% put the company on a good front in terms of scale and productivity (Virgin blue annual report 2004). The Australian discount airline Virgin Blue, has won 30% of the market from Qantas, the national carrier, which will introduce a low-fare airline, Jetstar. Fare surcharges are being imposed by both groups as fuel pr ices rise (Shaw, 2004). Jetstar’s initially offered $48 for Melbourne to Hobart route and from $54 for Sydney to the resorts south of Brisbane. The price was similar  to what the price Virgin Blue was offering at the same period. All Jetstar flights offered one class of travel, with unreserved seating. In contrast Virgin Blue offered assigned seating and baggage connections to final destinations (Henly, 2004). This paragraph critically analyse the key indicators for Qantas and Virgin Blue for launching Jetstar in May 2004. It is very clear with the annual report that Jetstar has been profitable ever since it was launched in the year 2004 (Jetstar Media centre). However, the road wasn’t quiet smooth in the initial years. From its launch Jetstar was exclusively using a â€Å"low price† message in its communication, but it was lagging way behind Virgin Blue in terms of quality. The Jetstar overall quality disadvantage was greater at 22.3% (6.02 versus 7.75) (Danaher et.al, 2011. pp. 586 -594, Fig 3). Jetstar was already appealing on the price front, and then it addressed its deficit in quality and tackled that by focusing on some specific sub attributes (not disclosed by the company) that provided Jetstar a good opportunity to overcome the point of difference with Virgin Blue. Then the price perception of Jetstar relative to Virgin Blue dramatically improved from 6.9% deficit in March 2008 to 2.5% deficit in only 3months i.e. 7.42 versus 7.62 (Danaher et.al, 2011. pp. 586 -594, Fig 3). Since the establishment the main concern as a parent company for Qantas Group was that whether Jetstar would financially be profitable in its own right. Hence, it did by earning revenue of $1.020 billion, $1.414 billion, and $1.605 billion in the year 2007, 2008, and 2009 respectively. It was 7%, 10%, 12% of Qantas group revenue respectively (Qantas annual report, 2009). Similarly, in the same order the profit earned was $79 million, $104 million and $118 million (Danaher et.al, 2011. pp. 586 -594, Table 2). Similarly, speaking of market share of Jetstar, it has increased by 29% from the year 2008-2009. Earlier with the perceived mediocre price competitiveness and low quality it was in a poor position as compared to Virgin Blue, whereas, with the necessary remedies taken within the 1st quarter of 2008 it was in position almost equal to Virgin Blue in terms of covering the large proportion of the target market. Jetstar Market Share of Domestic Australian Leisure Air Travel was 14% in the first quarter of 2008, with the changes made the market share increased to 14.6% and it gradually kept on increasing and it had 18.1% of market share in March 2009. Further, with the increase in profit it improved its perceptual position, whereas,  Virgin Blue has remained relativ ely stationary. In conclusion if we are to pay close attention to the domestic growth strategies of the country’s largest airline company; Qantas, its decision of launching Jetstar seems be a successful strategic decision. It was matter of concern that the Virgin Blue an airline company focusing on the price sensitive market would whether survive the competition with 82 year old veteran airline company. However, with its striking approach of low fare Virgin Blue today covers 35% market share of the domestic aviation sector. By critically evaluating the financial indicators of both companies for the year 2002-2004 and also following the series of events, it becomes quiet clear that though Virgin Blue had started small it managed to cover 20% of the target market in 2002. In further years concentrating only in the no frill travel it was able to hold the 30% of the market share, which became a matter of concern for Qantas because though it was making more profits then Virgin Blue it was losing it domestic market grip, therefore, led to the launch of Jetstar. However, even after the Launch of Jetstar Qantas performance was not like it was expected because in the year 2004 Qantas domestically carried only 2061 million passengers which were only 88 million more than the last year. However, with the necessary major changes (not disclosed by the company) Jetstar alone was able to regain the market share of 18.1% by March 2009. REFERENCE LIST Gaylord, B. (2001). Qantas to Absorb Competitor As Fare War Takes a Victim. The New York Times; Business Day. 11Shaw, J. (2004). World Business Briefing /Australia: Airline Profit. The New York Times; Business Day. Henly, G, S. (2004). Travel Advisory; New Offshot of Qantas Offers Lower Fares. The New York Times; Travel Danaher. J. P., Roberts. H. J., Roberts. K., Simpson. A. (2011). Applying a Dynamic Model of Consumer Choice to Guide Brand Development at Jetstar Airways. Marketing Science, 30(4), 586 – 594. Doi: 10.1287/mksc.1100.0619 Traca. D., (2004). Virgin Blue Fighting With National Champion. INSEAD, 5179. Traffic and Capacity Statistics. Retrieved from: http://www.qantas.com.au/travel/airlines/investors-traffic-statistics/global/en Jetstar Media Centre. Retrieved from: http://www.jetstar.com/mediacentre/facts-and-stats/jetstar-group Nadler, D. (1977). cited in Cumming and Worley (2009). Organization development & change, 9th edition, South- Western Cengage Learning. Qantas annual report (2002). Retrieved from http://www.qantas.com.au/infodetail/about/investors/2002AnnualReport.pdf Qantas annual report (2003). Retrieved from http://www.qantas.com.au/infodetail/about/investors/2003AnnualReport.pdf Qantas annual report (2004). Retrieved from http://www.qantas.com.au/infodetail/about/investors/2004AnnualReport.pdf Virgin Blue annual report (2004). Retrieved from http://www.virginaustralia.com/cs/groups/internetcontent/@wc/documents/webcontent/~edisp/annual-rpt-2004-a3.pdf

What Is So Fascinating About Commonwealth Scholarship Essay Samples?

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